International Conference on Diamond and Carbon Materials July 17-18, 2017 London ,UK

Svetlana A Smagulova is the Chief Scientist, Head of “Graphene Nanotechnology” Laboratory at Institute of Physics and Technologies of North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk and her field of scientific interests are the creation and research of new materials based on graphene: A suspension of (graphene oxide, graphene, fluorographene), film, paper, layered structures, hybrid material, graphene structures with quantum dots, composite materials (polymers, rubber with the addition of graphene oxide). Also, the development of technologies for the creation of electronic devices based on graphene: Humidity sensor based on graphene and graphene oxide, electric double layer capacitors, strain gauges. The use of graphene in medicine: Development of test systems for DNA diagnostics of hereditary diseases based on graphene oxide; working out and creation of graphene-based aptasensor for rapid analysis of thrombin in the blood.

Chemically synthesized graphene oxide (GO) has fluorescent properties due to the presence of oxygen functional groups. The presence of those groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, epoxy, etc. contributes to the appearance of structural defects and opening of band gap in GO. In this regard GO fluoresces in the range of wavelengths from ultraviolet to near infrared region. There are some methods of modifying the structure of the GO that change the photoluminescence spectrum and give rise to electroluminescence, for example, some authors associate the appearance of the electroluminescence with the formation of quantum dots of GO. Change of the emission wavelength depending on the photoexcitation energy has great potential for the creation of OLED phosphors, because modern phosphors can emit only a specific wavelength. But obtaining electroluminescence of GO is difficult due to structural defects on the plane and the edges of GO flakes, which prevent efficient charge transport. Current interest is the synthesis of new carbon material, which would have the same fluorescent properties as well as GO and have the defect-free structure. In this paper we report the synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) by hydrothermal treatment of the carbon precursor (glucose, citric acid, and gelatin) in the aqueous ammonia. The synthesized CQDs solution has oxygen groups that are drawn into the mechanism of luminescence of the GO. CQDs with lateral sizes around ~ 30-100 nm were obtained using a special method of hydrothermal treatment. The luminescent properties of CQDs change with a decrease of the lateral size of flakes and with the increasing of oxidation degree: The increasing of intensity of the emission spectrum and narrowing of the emission spectrum is observed. The photoluminescence spectrum CQDs with increasing of excitation wavelength shifts towards the red wavelengths. Furthermore, the analysis of growth of CQDs depending of the processing time, the concentration of the original solution and temperature was carried for finding optimal luminescent characteristics of CQDs.

Gustavo Lopez Vel´azquez has completed his BS, MS, and PhD at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de M´exico (UANM). He did a post-doc at Texas Accelerator Center, USA for about two years and went to Leon, Guanajuato, M´exico to help in the formation of the Instituto de F´ısica de la Universidad de Guanajuato (IFUG). Then, he went back to Texas, USA, to form part of the team who has spent six years trying to design and construct the Superconducting Super Collider Accelerator (SSC) in Waxahachie, Texas. After this, he went back to M´exico (Guadalajara, Jalisco) in 1994 to help a team of researchers in Physics, where he has collaboration with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in quantum computer research.

Quantum computation is one of latest hard goal in computer science and technology to perform algorithm that cannot be solved during our lifetime by a classical computer. The secret of this powerful machine is based on the exponential parallelism of calculations that it can make due to principle of superposition of the quantum mechanics, where the main elements which give us the information is called qubit (made up of the superposition of two states). However the difficulties found to have a workable quantum computer with significant number of qubits (say, 1000) are looked far away, due to decoherence and technological problems. We are proposing a new solid state quantum computer based on diamond estructure where one removes a C 12 atom (spin zero) and replace it by a C 13 atom (spin one half ) forming a linear chain of C 13 atoms. We show here that this in quantum sys- tem we can have an arbitrary single spin rotation of a qubit, a Controlled-Not (CNOT) quantum gate formed with two qubits, and a Controlled-Controlled-Not (CC- NOT) quantum gate with three qubits. This is enough to demonstrate that a full quantum computer can be constructed with this model. Parameters of the design are determined by the behavior of these quantum gates.

H Erdem Çamurlu has completed his PhD in 2006 from Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. Currently, he is an Associate Professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department of Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. He has published more than 35 papers in reputed journals.

Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced aluminum (unalloyed) matrix composites were produced by hot pressing powder metallurgical technique. Composites containing 0.25 – 3 wt. % CNT were obtained. Mixing was performed both by conventional ball milling (CBM) and high energy ball milling (HEBM). In CBM, which was performed solely for mixing purposes, zirconia balls having 2 mm diameter were used and milling was conducted for 15 minutes. In HEBM, a Retsch PM100 unit with tungsten carbide balls of 5 mm diameter was utilized, where mixing and grinding was conducted for 90 minutes at 150 rpm under argon atmosphere. Hot pressing of the composites was performed at 600oC for 30 minutes. Densities of the obtained composites were over 97% of theoretical. In the microstructure of the composites obtained by CBM, carbon nanotubes were in the form of agglomerates and clusters. Thus, it was seen that conventional mixing was not sufficient for a good dispersion of CNT in Al. Hardness values were about 32.5 HB10 and did not change with the addition of CNT. 3 point bending strength of unreinforced sample was 295 MPa. There was a slight decrease in the strength and strain with increasing CNT content. In the composites obtained by HEBM, CNTs were seen to be well dispersed in the microstructure of the composites. Hardness was seen to be higher, as a result of the application of HEBM instead of CBM. Hardness of unreinforced Al increased to 42.5 HB10. Hardness of the composite containing 3 wt. % CNT reached a hardness value of 81.5 HB10. 3 point bending strength values were about 320 MPa and were not affected by the addition of CNT. Strain values of the composites were lower, as compared to unreinforced sample.

Pinar Camurlu received her BSc (1999), MSc (2001) and PhD (2006) degrees from Department of Chemistry at Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. She has been working in Department of Chemistry at Akdeniz University (Antalya, Turkey), since 2007. Her research is focused on the design and synthesis of functional conjugated polymers and their applications such as; electrochromic devices, light emitting diodes, biosensors. She has published more than 45 papers in SCI journals and took part as a co-author for three international scientific book chapters.

Electroactive nanofibers, which are highly promising for sensor applications, have been receiving great attention due to their high electrical conductivity, surface area and porosity. Electrospinning has become one of the leading approaches for preparation of polymer nanofibers, owing to its superior attributes such as being simple, fast and relatively cheap. Focus of this study is to develop electroactive nanofibers based on conducting polymers which contain carbon nanotube (CNT). The electroactive nanofibers, which were constituted from polyacrylonitrile (PAN), CNT and PEDOT, were fabricated by combining electrospinning and chemical vapor polymerization methods. The nanofiber mats were prepared by electrospinning of a PAN and CNT mixture in DMF. Later, these mats were subjected to chemical vapor polymerization of EDOT in the presence of FeCl3. The resultant electroactive nanofibers were characterized by SEM, FTIR, CV and four point probe conductivity studies. The collective results have shown that the prepared mats contain conducting, homogeneous, electroactive PEDOT coatings on the surface of the PAN/CNT nanofibers, which are expected to be promising candidates for the fabrication of amperometric biosensors.

In April 2017, Dr. Arwa Albar earned her Ph.D degree in Material Science and Engineering from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia. Her research is based on Density functional theory calculation that is used to investigate the electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of oxide materials under defects and interfaces. She is also a staff in the Physics Department of King AbdulAziz University since 2004.

First principles calculations, based on density functional theory, are used to investigate the structural and electronic properties of the epitaxial MgO(100)/SnO2(110) interface of wide band gap insulators. Depending on the interface termination, nonmagnetic metallic and half-metallic interface states are observed. The formation of these states is explained by a polar catastrophe model for nonpolar–polar interfaces. Strong lattice distortions and buckling develop in SnO2, which influence the interface properties as the charge discontinuity is partially screened. Already a single unit cell of SnO2 is sufficient to drive the polar catastrophe scenario.